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Nasal polyps are soft tissue growths that typically develop in the nasal cavity or sinuses, often filled with fluid and inflamed. They are commonly associated with chronic inflammatory conditions such as allergic reactions, chronic sinusitis, and asthma.
Symptoms of polyps include nasal congestion, watery or sticky nasal discharge, reduced sense of smell, headache or facial pain, frequent sneezing, and coughing. In some cases, polyps may be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally.
The exact causes of nasal polyps are not fully understood but are generally linked to chronic inflammatory conditions. Common factors include exposure to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or animal dander. Additionally, conditions like chronic sinusitis, asthma, anatomical abnormalities such as deviated nasal septum, and occasionally genetic factors may contribute. These conditions lead to persistent inflammation of the nasal and sinus mucosa, resulting in the formation of polyps.
Treatment typically begins with medications such as nasal sprays and antihistamines to manage symptoms. However, large or severe polyps may require surgical removal. Endoscopic sinus surgery is a common procedure used to remove polyps and reduce surrounding inflammation. Treatment plans are personalized for each patient, and regular medical follow-ups are essential for monitoring and adjusting treatment as needed.
